#Author: Er Abinesh Chettri ,Mechanical Engineering ,NIT Sikkim India, https://nitsikkim.ac.in/
The transportation and residential sectors each account for 36% of Ghana’s energy consumption. The industrial sector—including mining and mineral resource processing—accounts for 20% of consumption. Ghana’s energy fuel mix is dominated by fossil fuels, in part due to national oil reserves developed since 2007. In 2018, 44% of the total national energy production was sourced from oil, 37% from traditional biomass, 14% from natural gas, and only 5% and 0.03% from hydropower and other renewables respectively. Electricity contributed roughly 13% to national energy consumption in 2016. More recent estimates indicate that 51% of Ghanaian electricity is powered from thermal fossil fuels (oil and natural gas), while hydropower and other renewables contribute 49.8% and 0.1% of the mix respectively. While Ghana intends to develop its renewable energy capacities up to 1364 MW by 2030, the country is also considering introducing coal plants and increasing electricity generation from natural gas. While coal technologies are not yet available in the country, these actions would lock in carbon intensive technologies that would prevent Ghana from aligning with a 1.5oC compatible pathway.
