Architects are professionals trained in the art and science of building design. They develop the concepts for structures and turn those concepts into images and plans, which eventually may become homes, office buildings and other facilities. Their work involves more than just the appearance of a structure. Everything architects design must be functional, safe and meet the needs of the people who utilize them.

An architect must earn a professional degree from an accredited university or college. They typically focus on curriculum in architectural history and theory, building design, computer-aided design and drafting (CADD), construction methods, math, physical sciences and other liberal arts courses.

People entering a career in architecture who want to receive an architecture degree and obtain licensure have two study options:

• B.Arch—This is a five-year program intended for students entering college from high school or with no previous architectural training.
• M.Arch—This can be either a two or three-year post-college program of students or professions with pre-professional degrees (like an associate’s) in other disciplines or related areas.

Upon completion of undergraduate or postgraduate programs, architects must complete a three-year internship before taking the Architect Registration Examination administered by the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards, or NCARB. This exam is designed to test the knowledge and skills regarding architecture to become a licensed architect. Most states require licensure and continued education to remain in compliance.

Architects’ duties vary depending on the type of firm they work for, where they live and some other factors. They may be involved in all phases of a construction project, from explaining ideas to clients and contractors, to drawing plans and specifications, to overseeing the different construction phases. Architects often collaborate with experts in related fields, such as interior design, city planning and structural engineering.

Architects’ duties fall into three main roles:

Consult and Design

The architect consults with clients to determine their requirements and to prepare drawings and specifications of the concept. The designs must comply with building, safety and local planning regulations and restrictions. Regular client meetings are involved in discussing design proposals.

Documentation

During this phase, the architect captures the design on paper. They create detailed drawings with CADD technology to ensure the feasibility of the design. There may be several revisions and redrawings of the designs to meet the clients’ needs. Once the design is approved, it is translated into construction instructions and technical specifications for construction experts to carry on site.

Construction

During this phase, the architect visits the construction site and meets with the construction crew to oversee the construction, signing off on various pieces of work, negotiating with contractors if needed, and resolving any problems that arise.